Anemia is blood disorder in which red blood cells which are carrier of oxygen to the organs are not able to carry enough oxygen which leads to fatigue and many other disorders. When body produces few blood cells or the blood cells which are not able to function properly, it all results in anemia. Red blood cells can be due to faulty or their count in blood decrease due to abnormal red blood cells. Anemia also happens when there is deficiency in minerals and required vitamins which are needed for red blood cells to do their function properly.

Some common conditions which are associated with causes of anemia include:

Sickle Cell Anemia

Vitamin Deficiency

Bone Marrow and Stem cell problems

Iron deficiency anemia

Sickle Cell Anemia: this is inherited disorder in which the red blood cells are of crescent shape due to genetic defect. Such red blood cells break down rapidly, so oxygen doesn’t get to organs which lead to anemia. These crescent shaped red blood cells get stuck in tiny blood vessels which lead to pain.

Iron deficiency Anemia: Bone Marrow which is in center of bone needs iron in order to make hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is part of red blood cells which is needed for transportation of oxygen to body’s organs. When there is lack of iron in body, body is not able to produce enough of hemoglobin which results in iron-deficiency anemia.

Vitamin Deficiency Anemia: in this condition anemia is caused due to lack of Vitamin B-12 or Foliate in body. Vitamin B-12 and Foliate are very much needed to make red blood cells. Some anemia types caused due to Vitamin deficiency are

Megaloblastic Anemia

Pernicious Anemia

Bone Marrow and Stem Cells problems leading to Anemia: if there is problem in Bone Marrow and stem cell problem then it prevents body from producing adequate red blood cells. Some of stem cells which are found in bone marrow get developed in red blood cells. When the stem cells become few, get defective, or replaced by other cells such as metastatic cancer cells then anemia occurs. Types of anemia which are caused by the problem in Bone marrow or stem cells are:

Aplastic Anemia

Thalassemia: Cooley’s anemia

Anemia is also associated with other conditions such as:

Hypothyroidism

Cancer

Infection

Autoimmune disorders: lupus and rheumatoid arthritis

Advanced kidney disease

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