Incontinence means overactive bladder. Urinary Incontinence is involuntary urine leakage. More than physical this distressing problem has impact one person’s quality of life. Urinary incontinence is due to underlying medical condition which can be treated. But it is under reported. A related condition is fecal incontinence or defecation.

Symptoms of incontinence range from mild leakage to uncontrollable wetting. Incontinence is bladder control problem where the muscles are too active or are weak. Muscles which are responsible for keeping bladder close if are weak; you may have involuntary leakage due to laughing, sneezing, or due to lifting heavy object. This is called stress incontinence. In case of strong muscles you have strong urge to go bathroom even when there is little urine in bladder. This is called as the urinary urge incontinence or the overactive bladder.

Causes of Incontinence:

Some causal of incontinence is temporary such as:

Constipation

Excessive consumption of alcohol, beverages, fluids which irritates bladder for example carbonated water. Drinks which contain caffeine, artificial sweeteners, decaffeinated tea and coffee, citrus fruits and juices all can irritate the bladder.

Medications: Medicines which treat cold, depression, pain, heart conditions, allergies, blood pressure, decongestant, muscle relaxants, and water pills (diuretics).

Ongoing incontinence is due to:

Overactive bladder muscles

Urinary stones: obstruction in urinary tract

Weak pelvic muscles

Weakness in the urinary sphincter that is the valve which controls the flow of urine

Stroke

Multiple sclerosis

Brain tumour

Bladder cancer

Spinal cord injuries

Interstitial cystitis that is painful bladder’s syndrome

Parkinson disease

Disease which affects the nervous system and muscles also cause it

Incontinence in women: Specific causes are

Irritation in vaginal

Vaginal infections

Pregnancy and multiple childbirth

Imbalance in hormones due to menopause

Hysterectomy

Incontinence in men: Specific causes are

Inflamed prostate called as Prostatitis

Swelling of prostate called as Benign Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Prostate cancer

Inconsistence has many risk factors. Most of them can be controlled. Taking precautionary steps like healthy weight, reducing caffeine, no smoking and no alcohol consumption. Being obese can cause strain on bladder, leading to urine leakage when coughing and sneezing. Smoking causes strains on the urinary sphincter, also nicotine effects by causing overactive bladder. Caffeine and alcohol are diuretics causing bladder to fill soon and trigger urgent need to urinate. Gender is risk factor that is women have twice the chances of developing the incontinence than men. This is due to conditions such as pregnancy, child birth, and menopause and has shorter urethra. Urethra is the tube from the bladder. Advancing age is also a risk factor. This happens to those whose muscles weaken.

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